Flux and pressure are process-critical parameters that change during tangential flow filtration (TFF). This article defines mechanisms, explains what rising pressure during a run actually tells you, and addresses the practical question of hollow fibre cartridge orientation.

The stiffness of a cell's surroundings is a critical factor in its functionality. The accuracy of in-vitro cell models of healthy and diseased tissues requires careful planning and selection of hydrogel substrates.

We compare the criteria that actually determine delivery outcomes: cargo loading, targeting, immune handling, manufacturability, analytical control and regulatory precedent.

Why is SEC becoming more popular, and when is ultracentrifugation still useful?

Why self-assembling peptide hydrogels flow under shear and re-heal after it: the mechanism, the rheology tests that matter, and rules for injection and printing.

This article sets out the four classes of composite, explains why charge compatibility decides whether a blend succeeds or precipitates, and gives a practical route to designing and characterising a composite based on PeptiGel.

A question that surfaces repeatedly in extracellular vesicle (EV) method development is whether two desirable properties can be held at the same time: a complete, unbiased EV population isolated without affinity capture, and a preparation that carries no risk of contaminating virus.

Diafiltration, the process of adding fresh buffer to a sample while simultaneously removing permeate, extends the tangential flow filtration technique into a far more powerful tool